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Jumat, 16 Maret 2012

Subject-Verb Agreement

The most important rules in English language is between subject and verb must be in agreement. That is  if the subject is singular then the verb must be singular too. Otherwise, if the subject is plural then the verb must be plural too.

1. Singular Subject – Singular Verb
The definition of singular subject is subject pronoun he, she, and it, or nouns which can be replaced with he, she, or it. While the definition of singular verbs is verb1+es/s, is/was, and verb phrase as: is/was + verb-ing/verb3, has +verb3, has been verb-ing and has been verb3.


Singular patterns of subject-verb singular is presented in the following table:


Singular Subject Singular Verb Tenses
1 He/She/it Verb1 + es/s Simple Present
2 He/She/it is + verb-ing present continuous
3 He/She/it was + verb-ing past continuous
4 He/She/it has + verb3 present perfect
5 He/She/it has + been + verb-ing present perfect continuous
6 He/She/it is going to + verb1 simple future
7 He/She/it is going to + be verb-ing future countinuous
8 He/She/it was going to + verb1 past future
9 He/She/it was going to + be verb-ing past future countinuous


If the sentence does not use the verb, we used to be:


Singular Subject Singular Verb Tenses
10 He/She/it is Simple Present
11 He/She/it is + being present continuous
12 He/She/it was simple past 
13 He/She/it was + being past continuous
14 He/She/it has + been present perfect 
15 He/She/it has + been + being present perfect continuous
16 He/She/it is going to + be simple future
17 He/She/it is going to +be being future countinuous
18 He/She/it was going to + be past future
19 He/She/it was going to + be being past future countinuous

2. Plural Subject – Plural Verb
The definition of plural subject is a subject pronouns like I, we, you, They, and all plural nouns. While the definition of plural verbs are verbs and verb phrases other than verbs in the singular.

Patterns of plural subject, plural verb is presented in the following table:


Plural Subject Plural Verb Tenses
1 I/You/We/They Verb1 Simple Present
2 I/You/We/They  am/are + verb-ing present continuous
3 I/You/We/They  was/were + verb-ing past continuous
4 I/You/We/They  have + verb3 present perfect
5 I/You/We/They  have + been + verb-ing present perfect continuous
6 I/You/We/They  am/are going to + verb1 simple future
7 I/You/We/They  is going to + be verb-ing future countinuous
8 I/You/We/They  was/were going to + verb1 past future
9 I/You/We/They  was/were going to + be verb-ing past future countinuous

If the sentence does not use the verb (nominal sentence), it used to be:


Singular Subject Singular Verb Tenses
10 I/You/We/They am/are Simple Present
11 I/You/We/They  am/are + being present continuous
12 I/You/We/They  was/were simple past 
13 I/You/We/They  was/were + being past continuous
14 I/You/We/They  have + been present perfect 
15 I/You/We/They  have + been + being present perfect continuous
16 I/You/We/They  am/are going to + be simple future
17 I/You/We/They  am/are going to +be being future countinuous
18 I/You/We/They  was/were going to + be past future
19 I/You/We/They  was/were going to + be being past future countinuous


Example:

Singular Subject - Singular Verb Plural Subject - Plural Verb
1 She cookShe cooks
2 Dani is eating a fast food They are eating a fast food
3 She was playing beach volly They were playing beach volly
4She has danced They have danced
5 She has been cooking They have cooking
6 He is going to dance They are going to dance
7 She is going to be stadying They are going to be stadying
8He was going to pray They are going to pray
9 She was going to be praying They were going to be praying
10 She is bad to me They are bad to you



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